Physics and Astronomy.: AIP Citation

Each time you introduce an idea, thought, or theory in your work that belongs to another person, a reference number should be given, enclosed in square brackets, e.g. [1], [2]. This number should refer to an entry in a reference list at the end of your piece of work, giving full details of the sources you have cited.

The general rules for creating an in-text citation are:

• Numbers are added sequentially by the order they appear in the text.
• The number should be included inside the punctuation of the sentence.
• If you are using the same reference more than once, it will keep the same number all the way through your piece of work.

Examples:

The photoelectric effect can be used to determine the value of Planck's constant [1].

"All elements heavier than lithium are created by fusion or neutron capture in stellar interiors" [2].

Corresponding Reference List Entry:

[1] R.A. Millikan, Phys. Rev. 4, 73 (1914).

[2] E.M. Burbidge et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 29, 547 (1957).

The reference list comes after the main body of your work, starting on a new page. It must list all the sources you have cited in your assignment.

General rules for creating a reference list:

• The references in the reference list provide the full citation for those works referenced by numerical markers within the text.
• References are listed by the number you have assigned the reference in the text.
• List up to three authors in the reference list. For items with four or more authors, list the name of the first author followed by ‘et al.’.
• Each reference should end with a full stop unless it ends with a DOI (a full stop after a DOI may prevent the link from working).
• DOIs should be written as a permanent URL with the https://doi.org prefix.
• Certain materials, such as dictionaries and encyclopedias, may not have one person or persons as the main originator. These items can be referenced using the title first.
• Use abbreviations for titles of journals. You can use the Web of Science Journal Titles Abbreviations.
• When referencing a journal, the part number may be omitted if the volume has a continuous paging sequence.