Fake News: How to be a Responsible Information Consumer: Additional Information

A thorough investigation into the fake news industry, including bots, Facebook and interviews with fake news authors Jestin Coler and Michael Cernovich, and University of Oxford professor Phil Howard.

About a fake story which was treated as real news. Traces some of the pipeline for developing and distributing fake news.

An examination of the claims made by the Food Babe, with pointed analysis by professor Kevin Folta of the University of Florida.

This interview with Snopes editor Brooke Binkowski examines the emotional pull of fake news.

An investigation into how profitable fake news can be.

"Pizzagate" was a fake news story which connected a pizzeria with a child pornography ring allegedly run by Hillary Clinton and John Podesta. On Sunday, December 3, 2016, an armed shooter entered the pizzeria and fired a shot before being accosted by the police.

Discusses the failure of society to teach its citizens data and information literacy.

Covers a new theory about combating fake news known as "attitudinal inoculation" and follows two studies testing this method.

An examination into Dr. Mehmet Oz, who both performs open heart surgery and hosts a television show on medical matters.

From a single Tweeter with 35 friends to being shared over 400,000 times through various forums, this article traces a Tweet made November 9, 2016.

Dictionaries respond to "alternative facts" and the misuse of language on social media.

This article discusses "post-truth": the idea that all news outlets will fail you eventually and it's impossible to know who to trust. It provides some common sense advice on what to look for in a news outlet.

Many students cannot tell fake news from real news.

About Jestin Coler, who began creating and distributing fake news in 2013.

A brief selection of things to look for when determining the fake-ness of news.

Discusses the findings of Dr. Kate Starbird, who traced the sources and popularity of fake news.

Article about practical joker James Horner, whose hoaxes have been featured on major news sites as real news.

This site provides articles and an assessment of their bias, from left to right.

The ethics codes of newspapers across the United States.

This six-week, free Coursera module is an online version of a course developed by librarians and faculty at the Stony Brook University School for Journalism. The most recent session started on January 9, 2017.

From the Association for College and Research Libraries (ACRL), a division of the American Library Association. This is an in-depth look at the factors that go into discerning the reliability of a claim.

A nonprofit whose purpose is to provide tools and resources to middle and high school students (and their classrooms) on media literacy.

The core purpose of The New York Times is to enhance society by creating, collecting and distributing high-quality news and information. This guide explores the ethics and standards of the New York Times.

The mission of NPR is to create a more informed public, one challenged and invigorated by a deeper understanding and appreciation of events, ideas, and culture within the United States and across the globe.

The Poynter Institute develops resources for journalists and writers, plus offers resources on fact checking and media literacy for the general public.

Conclusions from a fake news conference held February 17-18, 2017, and a plan to tackle fake news in the future.

What makes real news real? In part, it's because of journalistic ethics. The Society of Journalistic Ethics provides a code of professional ethics for journalists to adhere to.